鉛酸免保護蓄電池
較大的特色就(jiu)是“免保護(hu)”，和鉛酸蓄(xu)電池比(bi)它(ta)的電解(jie)液(ye)的消耗量非常小，在運(yun)用(yong)壽數(shu)內(nei)根本不需求補充蒸餾水。它(ta)還具(ju)有(you)耐震、耐高溫、體積小、自放電小的特色。相(xiang)對的，它(ta)的售價也會比(bi)鉛酸蓄(xu)電池更貴。至于運(yun)用(yong)壽數(shu)，正常情況(kuang)下免保護(hu)蓄(xu)電池的主張替(ti)換周期(qi)為(wei)3年左右，與鉛酸蓄(xu)電池適當。
一般鉛酸蓄電池
蓄(xu)電(dian)池是(shi)(shi)1859年由法(fa)國人普蘭特發明的，至(zhi)今(jin)已(yi)有一(yi)(yi)百多年的前(qian)史(shi)。電(dian)池主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)由管(guan)式(shi)正極板、負(fu)極板、電(dian)解(jie)液(ye)、隔板、電(dian)池槽(cao)、電(dian)池蓋、極柱(zhu)、注(zhu)液(ye)蓋等組成(cheng)。主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)優點(dian)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)壓安穩、價(jia)格(ge)便(bian)宜；缺陷(xian)是(shi)(shi)比能(neng)低(di)(即每公斤蓄(xu)電(dian)池存(cun)儲(chu)的電(dian)能(neng))、運(yun)用壽數(shu)(shu)短(duan)和(he)日常(chang)保(bao)(bao)護頻繁。舊(jiu)式(shi)一(yi)(yi)般蓄(xu)電(dian)池一(yi)(yi)般壽數(shu)(shu)在(zai)2年左右，并且需定時檢查(cha)電(dian)解(jie)液(ye)的高度(du)并增加蒸餾水。不過隨著科技的開展，鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)池的壽數(shu)(shu)變得(de)更長并且保(bao)(bao)護也更簡單了。
膠體蓄電池
膠體(ti)(ti)鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池是(shi)對液(ye)態電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質的(de)一般(ban)鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)改善，用膠體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)代(dai)換了硫酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)，在(zai)安(an)全(quan)性、蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)、放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)能(neng)和運用壽(shou)數等方面較一般(ban)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池有所改善。內部無(wu)游離液(ye)體(ti)(ti)存(cun)在(zai)，在(zai)平(ping)等體(ti)(ti)積下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質容量(liang)大(da)(da)，熱容量(liang)大(da)(da)，熱消(xiao)散能(neng)力(li)強(qiang)，能(neng)避免一般(ban)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池易(yi)產生熱失控現象(xiang)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質濃度(du)低，對極板的(de)腐蝕效果(guo)弱；濃度(du)均勻，不存(cun)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)分層現象(xiang)。
堿性鎳鎘蓄電池
鎳鎘(ge)(ge)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)正極活(huo)性(xing)物質主(zhu)要(yao)由鎳制(zhi)成(cheng)，負極活(huo)性(xing)物質主(zhu)要(yao)由鎘(ge)(ge)制(zhi)成(cheng)的(de)(de)一種堿性(xing)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。正極為(wei)氫氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鎳，負極為(wei)鎘(ge)(ge)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液是(shi)(shi)氫氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鉀溶液。其優點是(shi)(shi)簡便、抗震、壽數(shu)長，常用(yong)于(yu)小型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子設備。鎳鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可快(kuai)速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，循環(huan)運用(yong)壽數(shu)較長，是(shi)(shi)鉛酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)兩倍多，可達到2000屢次，但(dan)價格(ge)為(wei)鉛酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)4～5倍。它的(de)(de)初期(qi)(qi)購置成(cheng)本雖高，但(dan)由于(yu)其在能色量(liang)和運用(yong)壽數(shu)方面的(de)(de)優勢，因而其長期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)實(shi)際運用(yong)成(cheng)本并(bing)不高。但(dan)運用(yong)中(zhong)需(xu)求(qiu)做好回收(shou)作(zuo)業，不然重金屬鎘(ge)(ge)會污染環(huan)境(jing)。
在(zai)挑(tiao)選(xuan)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池時，了(le)解(jie)各種(zhong)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在(zai)工藝間上和運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)上的(de)(de)差異是非常必要(yao)的(de)(de)，首先要(yao)充沛(pei)了(le)解(jie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶本身對產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)。例如后備電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系統容(rong)量(liang)需(xu)求(qiu)、運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)頻率(lv)、運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)環境、主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)途、運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽數(shu)、可靠性要(yao)求(qiu)、瞬間放電(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)、整(zheng)流器的(de)(de)規格和其(qi)他蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池相關功能(neng)的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。其(qi)次要(yao)了(le)解(jie)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功能(neng)，包含產(chan)(chan)品(pin)設計參數(shu)（蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)類型(xing)(xing)、外觀尺度、額外容(rong)量(liang)、額外電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、重(zhong)量(liang)、重(zhong)量(liang)比能(neng)量(liang)、體積比能(neng)量(liang)、設計壽數(shu)、正負極(ji)板(ban)片(pian)數(shu)、正負極(ji)板(ban)厚度比、電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液密度、極(ji)板(ban)的(de)(de)類型(xing)(xing)、板(ban)柵的(de)(de)資料(liao)等）、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功能(neng)參數(shu)、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)實際(ji)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽數(shu)、安裝運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)環境、不(bu)(bu)同類型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)功能(neng)和價格、不(bu)(bu)同品(pin)種(zhong)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)保修期等。